Euthanasia in Nigeria: An Appraisal

Abstract

Euthanasia is a sensitive and controversial issue in bioethics. The existence of a right to die via 
euthanasia (also known as 'mercy killing' or 'assisted suicide') is a question that crosses 
geographical boundaries and legal systems. Globally, prevalent jurisprudence prohibits and 
criminalizes assisted suicide and euthanasia. However, due to improvements in medical 
technology that have significantly increased the capacity to sustain and lengthen human life well 
beyond what was previously attained, along with a corresponding expansion of human rights law, 
many nations have legalized euthanasia and assisted suicide. This article aims to examine the 
socio-legal dynamics governing assisted suicide and euthanasia in Nigeria. With the use of the 
doctrinal research methodology, the definition, kinds, perspectives, and legal position of 
euthanasia and assisted suicide in Nigeria were appraised. It was found, among others, that under 
Nigerian criminal law, euthanasia is officially illegal as well as unconstitutional. However, the 
ethical value of euthanasia is beginning to gain ground in Nigeria in modern times. The core issue 
in the ongoing discussion over euthanasia is whether or not there is a countervailing argument, 
given an apparent contrast between statutory and judicial positions. It was recommended, among 
others, that the Nigerian government should make a definite stand on the issue of euthanasia and 
take cognizance of contemporary culture and disposition towards euthanasia.